Florida Reenactors Online News Magazine

Florida Reenactors
Online News Magazine

written by

Lieutenant Colonel Robert A. Niepert

Commander 3rd Battalion - Hardy's Brigade

http://www.floridareenactorsonline.com/5thFL.htm

This News Magazine, its articles, photos and all the
information contained herein are copyrighted
and may not be reproduced in any form without
written permission of the editor and its authors.

37th Alabama tent at Ocklawaha 2009

Photo by Jimmy L. Shirley, Jr.

General Information

Do You Remember........Do any of you remember Jason Russo? He was hit and killed on his motorcycle April 2nd. On occasion, Jason reenacted both Confederate and Federal here in the Mid-Florida area. Which unit did he fall in with? If you recall, please drop me an email. mayorbob@embarqmail.com

Exploding Musket Problem........It has been brought to my attention that a poor quality Civil War reenacting musket has hit the market. One of these muskets exploded last weekend at a Hardee's Corps event in South Carolina. The reenactor shooting it was not seriously injured. This light weight musket (about six pounds) is being sold through the internet now but may end up at a sutlers tent soon. The first tip off is its price - around $350 for a new in box weapon. The price alone should shoot up a red danger flag. There are no new, in the box, well built muskets selling for that low of a price. The musket in question is manufactured in India and has no inspection marks or proofs, no manufacturer's stamp or name. If the barrel is removed and turned up side down, the only identifying mark you will see is "made in India". What visible numbers it does have are more of a single digit assembly type mark. Those single digit marks are like a "fit tab "A" into tab "B" thing". You can also look for a light weight pine type stock, flimsy ram rod, holes or pits around the breech and square sights. Do not purchase this type musket. I hope to have more information and perhaps some photos in next month's issue.

Event Photos........James Clark Photography has some great photos of last season's battles on his webpage at http://sigs10.smugmug.com/Military/Reenactment

Civil War Reenacting?........Interested in becoming an Infantryman, Artilleryman or Cavalryman? 3rd Battalion, 5th FL., Hardy's Brigade is looking for additional members. This is a family friendly unit. They offer the new or seasoned reenactor the opportunity to try every aspect of Civil War reenacting. All three branches of the 3rd camp together in RVs or trailers (modern) which will allow you to use all the modern camping conveniences without the hassles of keeping in period correct form as is necessary in the period camps. The Battalion portrays Confederate on Saturday and Federal on Sunday. Check their website at http://www.floridareenactorsonline.com/5thFL.htm

New Events........

Civilians Needed........Florida's Civil War Sesquicentennial re-enactment of Florida's adoption of the Ordinance of Secession. Florida was the 3rd state to secede on January 10, 1861. Reenactors in period correct civilian clothes (men, women and children) are invited (no military uniforms). The number of reenactors allowed inside the Capitol Chambers (in the old State Capitol) and outside on the grounds (walking along the sidewalks and talking) will be limited so plan now if you would like to attend. More details to follow. For more information contact Jamey Creel at jameycreel850@bellsouth.net or Paige Hatcher at paigecreel@yahoo.com or visit their website at http://www.floridasecessionreenactment.org:80/

July 23, 24, 25, 2010. Raleigh, NC 27604-1194. "Antebellum Antecedents of War". The Society for Women and the Civil War (SWCW) announces its speakers for the 12th conference on Women and the Civil War.

"North Carolina Flags" will be presented by Rebecca Rose, who spent 20 years examining and researching flags for the Museum of the Confederacy. Ms. Rose will highlight flags that women across the state of North Carolina produced and presented flags to their men as they went off to war.

Barbara Howe will speak on "Women At Work During the Civil War; Wheeling, West Virginia Case Study." This presentation will look at the ways women earned their living in Wheeling, (West) Virginia, ranging from the desperate work of prostitutes to the work of women in religion.

"Immunity from the Consequences of War: Female Academies in Confederate North Carolina" will be discussed by David Sikenat. This study of three dozen Civil War female academies in North Carolina seeks to explore why these schools survived and even prospered when so many educational institutions in the Confederacy closed their doors.

Amy Breakwell will explore the rise of sewing machines in the home in her engaging "Swift Fingered Sisters of Benevolence: Female Sanitary Fair Volunteers and the Promotion of Sewing Machines as a Patriotic Purchase."

The life of sculptress Vinnie Ream, who at the age of 16 crafted the face of "unfathomable sorrow" of Abraham Lincoln in bronze will be detailed by author Maureen Sappey. While Victoria Ott will examine love and courtship in the South during the war with her presentation "Love in Battle: Courtship in the Confederate South."

Ellen Lewis will show us the Civil War through the eyes of the women of Arkansas to see what they saw and feel what they felt in "Wound That Never Healed: The Women of Arkansas and the Hardships they faced during the Civil War.

Many Northern women understood the war in religious terms and interpreted it as an event with profound spiritual consequences. Sean Scott will use the letters and diaries of women living in the states of the Old Northwest to reveal the "Ways of Providence are Passing Strange: Northern Women Interpret the Civil War."

Candy Grover recounts the journey to find her great, great, great grandmother, Almira Curtis Smart in "Holding the Fort Alone: Giving Voice to the Women Left Behind". Every time Almira's husband, Reuben, left Maine to find work, she took over running the household, taking care of nine children, a great-grandmother, a grandfather and several grandchildren. Who was this invisible woman who so mirrored many of those left behind during the Civil War?

Registrants will have the opportunity to attend workshops on research and collections, and nine presentations of new research on women's roles and lives in the Civil War. A Saturday field trip to Historic Stagville and Bennett Place, will provide an opportunity to explore one of the largest plantations of the pre-Civil War South as well as the location of Joseph E. Johnston's 1865 surrender.

Early-bird registration fee for the three-day event is $235 (SWCW members) and $250 (nonmembers). College dorm rooms are available for a $40/per night fee while the Courtyard Marriott is offering a $69 room rate to registrants. One-day registrations are available. For more information, please visit www.swcw.org or call 540-529-4819.

The event is sponsored by the Society for Women and the Civil War, which is dedicated to increasing awareness and understanding of women's roles related to the Civil War through education and scholarship.

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The New Schedule Of Civil War And Living History

Reenacting Events Is Being Updated Now.

New Event Schedule For The 2010 to 2011 Season................As you know, the Florida Reenactors Online News Magazine's schedule of all Florida Civil War reenactments, meetings and living history programs (known to us all as the "Event Schedule") is a very important tool in planning our reenactment season. If you are sponsoring an event or know an event host, please get accurate information about the reenactment or living history to me as quickly as you can. It is absolutely imperative that you send me reenactment and living history information NOW.

As the season begins if you have special events or announcements that you want included in this News Magazine, please send me the information at least two months in advance - so I can include them in the regular issue. People need time to plan and I need time to get your information posted.

Thank you,

Lieutenant Colonel Robert A. Niepert

mayorbob@embarqmail.com

phone..........(407) 448-4871

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Should Cavalry Re-enact With Sabers

Michael Brown

Chief of Cavalry

Georgia Division Reenacting Association

Anyone can read history and gain knowledge, but to develop a deep understanding of the time period you must live it. This is one of the basic truths that draw us into the reenacting hobby. Through our collective hours of research, we put into practice the fundamentals of life in the 1860's as we believe them to be. We strive for perfection in our uniforms, equipment, and cavalry tack trying to the best of our ability to be as close as possible to what the soldiers of the Civil War had. This is called "Being Period" and referred to as the "Authenticity" of our impression. Authenticity, the genuineness or truth of something, is the backbone or foundation that our hobby is built on. Without it, we are wasting our time.

We should research to improve our knowledge and continuously replace equipment that is not 100% accurate. However, that is expensive and not everyone can afford it, especially for the cavalry. With the economy the way it is and if this hobby is going to survive, we need to reevaluate what we are doing and how we do it. Authenticity in our uniforms, tack, camp, and how we fight a battle is important, but it all has to balance out to be successful. I have reenacted for 27 years and seen a lot of people come and go, from the ones who are an embarrassment to the groups referred to as hard core re-enactors. Surprisingly, time and time again, those who have done the most damage to the cavalry before quitting were from the ranks of the "Hard Cores".

Take a moment to evaluate the most effective, efficient and authentic way for the cavalry to conduct itself during a reenactment battle. I've been to events where the cavalry rode onto the field, fired a few rounds, then we sat on our horses watching the rest of the battle contributing nothing. For example, at the 125th Manassas, we drilled in 100 degree heat, twice a day, for three days and were only allowed to participate in one battle Sunday afternoon at Henry House Hill. When the battle opened, we rode out in a "Column of Fours", went into a skirmish line, fired three shots at nearby trees, and marched off the field before the Union infantry was in sight. We then sat in front of the spectator line blocking their view for the remainder of the battle. The commander told us because the cavalry didn't do anything in the original battle we would sit there and prove we could follow orders. The Federal cavalry commander sent a courier with a message that they were waiting for us on an isolated part of the land. Regardless, there we sat being historically correct looking very authentic, contributing absolutely nothing to the event, and being totally useless.

Unfortunately, doing nothing is what the Union cavalry was well known for during the first two years of the war, as can be seen from these reports: "The Union Cavalry in the Civil War Volume III the War in the West" by Stephen Z. Starr.

After the battle of Shiloh, the cavalry was, "In great disrepute among ... (the) entire army. At Shiloh the infantry said they had acted badly, and all assumed that all cavalry would do the same". General Grant said, "The usual cavalry stupidity". General Sherman talking about the 4th Illinois reported, "A mere squad, and it is worse than a toothache to call upon them for hard work", and wrote Grant, "He mistrusted their reports" (Starr 21)

General Albin Schoepf wrote about the 1st Kentucky US Cavalry, "They are a nuisance and the sooner they are disbanded the better". He asked, "Is there no such thing as obtaining a regiment of reliable cavalry"? (33)

Major C.C. Halpine wrote of the 7th Kansas, "The regimental and company commanders knew nothing of their duties" ... and went on to tell of the poor condition of their camps and lack of firearms, no discipline, or knowledge of the drill. (34)

General John M. Schofield wrote, "The only cavalry force at my disposal is a battalion of Germans, utterly worthless for scouting. If I trust them out of my sight for a moment, they will plunder and rob a friend and foe alike". (36)

In their defense, these reports were written during the first half of the war when the Union cavalry was still learning its job and operating as scattered units. Later, they were reorganized into the efficient cavalry divisions that they are remembered for. This doesn't apply to everyone. There were some regiments who worked hard and did a good job from the beginning of the war, despite the lack of firearms and the limitations of equipment. These reports help to explain where the saying came from, "Did you ever see a dead cavalryman"?

General Sherman's low opinion of his cavalry still remained on July 4, 1864, during the Atlanta Campaign. He received a report that Confederate General Joe Wheeler's cavalry division was at Roswell, Georgia, preparing to use the town as a base to attack his railroad. His order to General Garrard read in part: (O.R. -- Series I -- Volume XXXVIII/5 [S# 76})

"You may draw out at once and go to Roswell, and if you can force your way to it, you may gain a secure position from which you can watch that point. In case the enemy's cavalry get across, you must hang to him, opposing him whenever opposition is possible, and send couriers rapidly to me, and to the points of the railroad threatened... In case he passes round by Canton to go toward Cartersville, send notice and hang on his rear... "

I cannot imagine General Lee having to tell General Jeb Stewart, "if you can force your way to it, or hang on his rear, or opposing him whenever opposition is possible". Sherman even attacked Jonesboro with his army because he couldn't trust his cavalry to cut the railroad.

This brings up a few questions that are food for thought and each of us should take a moment to reflect on. Why do we reenact? What are we trying to do or prove to ourselves or to each other? Are we losing sight of what the hobby is all about? Just what exactly is a reenactment?

Let's face it; a reenactment is anything but an authentic Civil War battle. No matter how much effort we put into obtaining period correct uniforms, drill or equipment, we can never achieve total authenticity. All we can do is try to demonstrate to the best of our ability what we believe a battle could have looked like, within the limitations of the safety constraints. Simply stated, the definition of a reenactment is a demonstration of what we think a Civil War battle could have looked like.

During the time allotment and the scenario of a battle, the infantry demonstrates as many different aspects of what the infantry did during the war as they can. March, maneuver, make a battle line, load a musket, the different ways to fire a musket, advance, fall back, and take hits. The artillery demonstrates how to load and fire a cannon safely, battery fire, counter battery fire, if the gun is mounted, how to limber and unlimber a cannon, etc. The signal corps demonstrates how to send and receive messages. The medical corps demonstrates what a period hospital looked like, help in medical emergencies (if trained), and passes out ice. Each person at a reenactment demonstrates what the person they are portraying could have done during the war.

The cavalry should also try to demonstrate during a reenactment battle everything the cavalry did or was expected to do in the war. They were expected to develop riding skills and horsemanship, trained and cared for their horses, and drilled on horseback in order to be able to march in formation. They manned advance picket post (sometimes miles from the army guarding against a surprise attack), scouting (gathering information on the enemy), knew the drill manual (many times their lives depended on their ability to quickly get into a formation and follow orders), deliver messages, and escorted Generals. They protected the flanks of the army, the speed of the horses could be utilized to quickly plug a hole in a wavering line, and they were the shock troops used to attack or counter attack.

They were also expected to be proficient with all three types of cavalry weapons: the carbine, the revolver, and the saber. They needed to know how to load and fire their carbines and revolvers mounted or on foot, along with knowing how to use their saber. Speed (horses can run over 30 MPH) and the element of surprise gave the cavalry its biggest advantage, in the 1860's as well as today. Our success or failure at a reenactment is measured by our ability to demonstrate the elements of each job of the cavalry.

Most of us were intrigued by the hobby because of an interest in history, and after having read several books on the subject we wanted to experience a soldier's life first hand. We wanted to know what it is like to camp in the heat, cold, rain, snow, do without modern conveniences, go hungry, cook over a fire, eat hard tack or participate in a battle. You can read about sleeping on the hard ground with a saddle for a pillow, but until you have actually done it, you have no idea how difficult it is to get comfortable.

If you ride a horse at a reenactment, you should want to experience all of the elements of being a cavalryman. Not doing so cheats yourself and everyone present, from fellow re-enactors, to the event, to the spectators, along with the memory of those who served in the war. When the cavalry refuses to carry sabers and does not participate with them, they have not only reduced their choice of weapons by 1/3 but have reduced their useful effectiveness and ability to function as cavalry by more than 50%. It's hard to carry enough revolvers to last an entire battle. so once they are empty, about all you can do is sit and watch or fire the carbine at long range. This puts the horsemen out of the action so they are no longer functioning in the vital role of the cavalry as a fast moving shock force protecting the flanks of the army. Through the years, I have seen this on many occasions.

I have heard the saber Melee called "the dance of the Saber Fairies". Anyone saying this is either completely ignorant or jealous they are not mounted. Not just anyone or just any horse will tolerate the noise and quick turns of a saber fight. It takes a well trained horse and an experienced rider to stay mounted and someone who has been taught how to safely use his saber. Saber fighting demonstrates one's skill and ability above any other element of the hobby. It takes physical conditioning for the horse and rider, quick thinking, good reflexes, balance, and courage. The number of horses attending the 145th Gettysburg and the 145th Chickamauga reenactments were similar. Yet the cavalry action at Gettysburg was the best ever at a national event. It was head and shoulders over Chickamauga.

The saber is the symbol of the cavalry, once you get used to carrying it, you feel incomplete without it. The saber melee demonstrates our skill level. During a reenactment battle, the two cavalry commanders should be in tune with each other and constantly aware of their surroundings (keeping track of what is happening with the infantry and artillery). Every battle has its lulls where nothing is going on, whether the infantry is moving into position, regrouping after a charge, or the artillery can't fire. At some point, a dead spot develops where there is nothing happening. These lulls are the defining moments for the reenacting cavalry and where we demonstrate our value to the hobby. The cavalry can signal each other and within seconds a saber charge keeps the action going, preventing the battle from becoming boring. This is more important at smaller local events than the national events with thousands of re-enactors.

We are in some of the hardest economic times since the Great Depression. In the future, we will have to carefully evaluate events we attend and reduce unnecessary expenses. Every dollar not spent on shooting revolvers to make a big bang and smoke is a dollar that can be used to improve our impressions or repair our tack. Attending an event cost the cavalry twice as much as the infantry plus the cost of the tack, horse board, feed, hay and veterinary care. Using a saber costs less than caps and powder.

Historically, there were regiments and companies on both sides that did not carry sabers. On the other hand, there are combat reports and descriptions of saber charges through out the volumes of the Official Records of the Civil War. It is obvious the saber was carried by thousands of cavalrymen and was considered a valuable cavalry weapon all the way through World War One. After the war, to maintain the saber skill of his troopers General Custer held weekly saber fighting competitions. Using padded sticks they scored points for slashes and cuts. They fought at the platoon level with the winners competing at the company level, and then the company winners competed at the regimental level. At the end of the month, the overall winner got a three day furlough.

Authenticity is one of the most important elements of reenacting and we should always strive to be 100% authentic in our uniforms, tack, and everything we do. However, it has to be balanced because (like in everything else) when authenticity is taken to point of excess, it becomes harmful. I have seen cavalry units who think they are so historically accurate, they tend to look down their noses at those who don't quite measure up to their standards. We look up to them so this attitude has been incredibly harmful to the hobby and damaging to the cavalry. At a reenactment, one unit flatly refused to carry sabers while portraying Confederates stating it was for authenticity reasons. During the reenactment, after every command, they turned to their officer for his approval. If he didn't give it, they would not move, destroying any hope of a cavalry scenario. Preferring to sit on a hill and watching the battle, demonstrating to the world how historically correct they were rather than fight alongside the rest. In reality, all of their authenticity amounted to nothing. They were of no benefit to the event or anyone, and only demonstrated what Generals Grant, Sherman, and Schofield has to say about their cavalry. Thus showing first hand what General Schoepf meant when he wrote, "Is there no such thing as obtaining a regiment of reliable cavalry?"

We tend to forget one defining thing that separates reenacting from other hobbies, (within limits) there is a place for everybody. I stated (within limits) because we are an historical organization and there is no room for hate groups, or unsafe acts. For example: in sports such as baseball, football, car racing, etc. you are either a player or a spectator - nothing in between. Yet, in reenacting no matter what your physical limitations, gender or age, there is something you can do if you want to participate that adds a valuable element to the overall hobby. Everyone sees the soldier, but some of the lesser known jobs are: camp follower, cook, servant, newspaper correspondent - artist, sailor, messenger, drummer boy, bugler, teamster, foreign observer, lady in a ball gown, widow, senator giving campaign speeches, doctor, nurse, photographer, or portraying a historical figure like Jefferson Davis. There are many more positions that I have not listed, and you can research anything that was done in the 1860's and portray it; adding an impression that is a valuable asset. We should be respectful of each other keeping in mind that not everyone can afford to buy a hand made uniform. I'm not saying we shouldn't strive for perfection, because only by striving for perfection can we achieve the desired high level of authenticity. However, we should be considerate and tolerant of everyone.

Michael Brown

Chief of Cavalry

Georgia Division Reenacting Association

Thornrose

By Ralph Epifanio

Staunton Virginia, first settled in 1732 by John Lewis, and regional capital of the former Northwest Territory

(1738 - 1771), has a long history that includes Confederate involvement in the War Between the States. From 1860 until 1976 (when fallout from the Vietnam War sealed its doom), it was home for the Staunton Military Academy. (As a result of its bankruptcy and subsequent sale, its buildings were incorporated into the current home of Mary Baldwin College.) Probably because its Virginia Central Railroad Station served as a supply depot for the Confederacy, on June 6, 1864 Staunton suffered its own D-Day, as 10,000 Union troops under Major General David Hunter pillaged and burned much of the town. Fortunately, some of its Federal and Greek Revival architecture survived the attack, and is still standing. In fact, parts of the downtown area, including Sherwood Ave., was used in the film, Gods and Generals. Staunton is also the birthplace (December 28, 1856) of Woodrow Wilson, our 28th president (1913 - 1921).

Located on Frederick Street, and not far from the recently renovated Stonewall Jackson Hotel, are three sites that might interest the Florida reenactor. First is Mary Baldwin College, home of several unique programs for women, including the Program for the

Exceptionally Gifted, for students as young as twelve years of age. A few blocks away is Stuart Hall. As read from its historical marker: "Mrs. General" J.E.B. Stuart, from whom the school was renamed in 1907, was principal from 1880 until 1899. Two of Robert E. Lee's daughters attended Stuart Hall, and Lee served as president of the school's board of visitors from 1865 until 1870." And lastly, is historic Thornrose Cemetery, which, since its first internment on March 29, 1853, has been in continuous operation.

The visitor can't help but be awed by "Fort Stonewall Jackson," which is guarded by twin - I believe, captured - Union 16 pounders inscribed with:

JHVF No. PIC 1863 816 lbs. Behind the wall is a granite Confederate standing vigil over the graves of approximately 1,700 fallen comrades from the battlefields of Alleghany, McDowell, Cross Keys, Port Republic and Piedmont. Although roughly half are unknown, eight from Florida are included in the 870 who are identified:

1862

Sept. 18-J.A. Purvis, 5th Florida Reg't, Co. C; Oct. 26-Freeman Walker, 5th Florida Reg't, Co. B; Oct. 27-William Wood, 5th Florida, Reg't, I; Oct. 29-W.G. Williams, 5th Florida Reg't, Co. B; Nov. 8-J. Sloan, 5th Florida Reg't, Co. F; Nov. 6-Wist, 8th Florida Reg't, Co. H; Dec. 4-G.S. McDaniel, 5th Florida Reg't, Co. H; Dec. 8-J.R. Roden, 8th Florida Reg't, Co. I.

I have included a number of photographs that I hope will help the reader to appreciate the historical significance of this hallowed ground.

Book Review

RAIDERS ON THE ST. JOHNS

By:

Lydia Hawke

Definitely well worth the wait. Lydia Hawke brought her sequel to an end (I, for one, would love to see a "reconstruction sequel") in a most believable way.

With her excellent writing ability, Ms. Hawke keeps her readers eager to turn the next page. Her characters are as real as the people in our daily lives. Each one facing decisions that are difficult to make.

Two brothers who love and respect one another but who have loyalties that lie on different sides. Doing their best to serve their side but reverently hoping not to bring the other into harm's way. A father who has faith in the original Union but comes to respect the younger son for his loyalty to a cause in which the father opposes and all the strong women who do their best to aid those they love without bringing the wrath of opposing forces down on everyone's heads.

This was a best read I have had the pleasure to enjoy in quite some time. It gave me a glimpse of the Florida frontier that has been consigned to history for quite some time.

Recent Events

Fort Clinch, FL, May 2010 Union Garrison

Jeff H. Grzelak

17th Conn. Infantry

For almost 30 years, this state park on Florida's Northeast tip has provided an excellent backdrop to step back in time. The brick fort that had fallen into disrepair was re-built by the park service over the years. A complete barrack, hospital, bakery, black smith shop, guard room and officers quarters provide a firsthand look into army life in 1864.

The first weekend of every month offers living historians a chance to sharpen their skills at first person impressions. Each May, however, is the best turnout because of the local shrimp festival. Not to be outdone, the Rebs also hold an event at the fort on the third weekend of October.

I had not been to Ft. Clinch in many years. Due to personal responsibilities, May is a hard month to get away. But I had to make this one because an ICON of the Florida Park Service was retiring after 35 years. Yes, I am talking of Sgt. George Berringer who has been a fixture at the fort for over 3 decades. I first met George back in the late 70's (yes, I have been around a long time, too!) Throughout the weekend, however, the focus was on paying tribute to a civil servant who has taught many of us over the years what it is to be a living historian.

The nearly 75 man company garrison turned out for its daily routines.....drill, drill, and more drill followed by some guard duty and of course more drill. But there was plenty of time to explore the fort and nearby beaches.

A friend of mine, Fritz Kirsch, wanted to look into having an event at the fort. Since the 97th Penn. was there, it seemed logical and a trip was made to the District Park office in Gainesville to meet with the regional manager. They were very supportive and suggested getting with George since he was already a one man show at the fort. After that first meeting, everything since then has been nothing but a steady improvement.

Over the years, various units and people have hosted the May garrison and thus a long and positive relationship has been established with the Florida Park Service mostly because it is such a pleasure to work with George.

Old faces who had not been there in years along with familiar ones rallied one last time at this historic fort. Shawn Butler of the 97th Penn. received the "Sam Gammon" award for the year for his efforts to promote the event. We could hardly do enough for ole Sgt. George Berringer.......first he was honored by the Florida Park Service at Olustee several months ago with a resounding applause from the entire reenacting community and now he was called up in front of the garrison.......along with me! I was at first confused but then I realized I was the only one left from the first garrison who was still active. After 45 years, I have seen many people come and go in the hobby but George has been there since the beginning, cheerfully passing his skills of person onto the next generation of living historians. Just like in real life, George never wanted to get promoted, he has been perfectly happy doing what he does and getting paid for it for the last 35 years! So in fitting tribute, it was my honor to brevet him a Lieutenant in the 1st N.Y. Engineers and give him his discharge! It is hard to say good-bye to such a great historian and even harder for us in the reenacting community to find an able replacement within the park service. But Frank Olfelt was promoted to Sgt. after many years as a Corporal......and will be taking his spot. Frank, I've got to tell you - you have some big shoes to fill as George has made it so easy for those who come behind by blazing the path for all living historians. The 75th Ohio Infantry also gave George a plaque for his patience in teaching them the difference between a reenactor and a living historian.

The garrison fed us well and as usual provided many good memories for all ..... as a young boy in the 1960's. I remember how neat the front was ....... racing up and down the stairs and climbing on the big guns. I remember when I was a young man and marched into the fort for the first time in uniform, the heel plates of six dozen men bouncing off the sally port walls and for a time it was a "magic" moment. I am not 20 anymore but now past 50.

As the garrison melted away Sunday afternoon and old friends said their goodbyes and one by one we stepped back into 2010, I could not help but think what the real soldiers or that war felt when it was time to say goodbye to such treasured friends!

As I gathered up my gear from the upstairs barracks, I stole one last glance out the window. What a great weekend and grand place Clinch is .... !! I darted down the stairs saying a few goodbyes to both new and old friends and as I was about to exit the parade ground and out the Sally Port, there was George, engaging a spectator in period conversation as if nothing had changed. Right up until the end, he stayed in first person. I paused for a moment and watched a "master" at his craft. He saw that I was standing there and when he finished came over to me. I saluted and said: "Sergeant, until we meet again upon the Field of Honor". He returned the salute and said: "Thank you young man for your service to our cause". A firm handshake and out the Sally Port I went along with over thirty years of great memories. The camp in front of the fort was also rapidly melting, I said a few more goodbyes. The heat of the weekend was now getting the better of me. Funny how after 50, you just can't take the heat like you did when you were 19!

The large garrison flag snapped in the breeze; I turned and saluted Ole Glory ...... for me the 2010 Ft. Clinch garrison will hold a special place in my heart.

Jeff H. Grzelak

17th Conn. Infantry

Ft. Clinch

Fernandina Beach Florida

May 1, 2, 1864

by Robert F. Pfluger

Captain Commanding the Ft. Clinch Garrison

Photos submitted by Rob Pfluger

I have the honor and privilege of reporting on the Garrison activities at the post at the town of Fernandina Beach, Florida, during the weekend of 1 and 2 May.

I arrived on 30 April around 11:00 and began to prepare for the arrival of the company. A camp was set up outside of the fort to accommodate the men and animals scheduled to arrive that day. At 21:00 I sat down to an officer's call with 1st Sgt. LeRoy Sherman and 1st Lt. Chuck Munson. The Second platoon leader 1st Lt. Ken Giddens had not reported aboard post as of this time. Third platoon leader Lt. Dennis Short was not present for the meeting. I assume he was otherwise occupied quartering his men. The meeting saw the schedule planned and the procedures set and we closed the meeting and the night.

1 May Reveille sounded promptly at 07:00 and the day began. All members of the garrison were registered by 09:00. The garrison was a sight to see at dress parade. The Marine Guard turned out and the men of the 157th NY (87 men strong) lined the parade ground. With dress parade over the men turned to their duties. Drill, fatigue details, and school of the soldier commenced. 1st Sgt. Sherman drilled soldiers in squad strength while Lt. Munson worked men in bayonet drill. Watches were completed by the book and we sent out beach patrols to ensure the Fernandina picket post was up to their task. We were also able to assist a Lt. P. Willow from the 75th Ohio QM who were stationed in Jacksonville with some stores of sugar and flour from the garrison. At 13:00 the garrison returned to its active life. Lt. Short began to drill his men in marching and firing. Lt. Munson's platoon also.

2 May Reveille sounded at 07:15 and the men slowly clamored down to morning roll call. After breakfast I ordered the men to prepare to move out. Light duties of cleaning the barracks. The 1st Sgt. informed me we had over 30 men remaining and suggested we maintain a guard and performed some drill. With this number of men remaining I agreed and had the 1st Sgt. George Berninger of the 1st NY Engineers his service extending back 35 years. I had an image struck with Lt. Munson, Giddens, and Mosher before the company formed to march out to mark this very special event.

This garrison marked a few firsts for the fort according to the Park Service. The Federal soldiers set an attendance record. It was also the first time a horse drawn ambulance wagon was used and their drill demonstrated to the visitors. I was told by both Cpl. L. Bledsoe and Sgt. F. Ofeldet that this was the best garrison in at least 13 years.

Special thanks must go to those who worked the shops during the event:

The men of the 3rd Maine carpentry shop.

Cpl. Ed Henery 3rd Maine postal clerk.

Cpl. R. Lamoreaux, Pvt. A. Shrogren, 3rd Maine Pvt. T. Rachel and Pvt. Feagle, 47th NY Bakers assistants.

Jeff Foster and Mike Rietz, 75th OVI blacksmith John Pfluger, 3rd RIHA blacksmith striker

Special thanks to:

Lt. Chuck Munson

Lt. Ken Giddens

Lt. Dave Mosher

Lt. Dennis Short

QM Sgt. Oakey for the loan of some equipment

Dwight Dovel, Michelle, and Cpl. Dean Holden (built the ambulance)

I submit this report as full and complete. If I may be of further service, I am available.

Respectfully,

Robert Pfluger

Captain Commanding

Photo above: Lt. Ken Giddens marching his section during drill

Photo above: Chuck Munson instructs bayonet drill.

Photo above: The wagon is rebuilt and maintained by Dwight Dovel and Dean Holden.

75th Ohio left to right: Dwight Dovel and Buddy (the horse), Michelle VanPatton,

Robert Pfluger, Shawn Kreitzman, Ken Baum (47th NY), Scott King, Nick Rapante, Trasey Pfluger.

Ambulance Drill: Shawn Kreitzman, Scott King (in stretcher),

Pvt. Sky, Trasey Pfluger, Robert Pfluger.

Resaca - May 13th to 16th

by Capt. Kearney

Company E. 2nd FL.

(report to Col. Bowman, D.O.G.)

I beg to present this report of recent activities north of Atlanta at Resaca.

A company of nine from the Fifth Company arrived Thursday and bivouacked in the Confederate camp. Friday was uneventful having no contact with the enemy.

Saturday, we had the honor of serving, for the third straight year, as the firing detail at the Resaca Memorial Service. We marched to and from the cemetery and it was a very moving and rewarding experience. We still hold the honor of being the only non-Georgian unit to act in this capacity.

For Saturday's battle, the 45th Alabama along with three more from the 2nd Florida, Co. E, joined our ranks bringing our total muster to 24 muskets. I commanded the unit with their Captain serving as 1st Lieutenant. We were positioned as the third company in Colonel Jerrom's Second Battalion under the command of General Poythress. Saturday's battle was not as chaotic and eventful as other Resaca battles in the past, but was still enjoyable. We began in the earthworks and punched the Federals back perhaps 200 yards. The weather was extremely hot and most of the men ran out of water. The battle was suspended to allow for canteen duty then resumed without much incident. Whereas the Confederates had the numerical advantage this day, no effort was made to take advantage of it. The Federals left flank was completely exposed and it was disturbing that it was never attacked. There seems to have been some action on our left flank but I was not in a position to witness the details. I believe I saw our own Captain Welch in a blue uniform wrecking havoc on the boys in gray but I can not be certain.

Sunday was a different story. The six of us from Fifth Company still standing, donned the blue and joined the Federals for Colors and battle. I am delighted to report that it was indeed Captain Welch I saw the day before and we were placed under his command. I served as a private this day and very much enjoyed being in the ranks with my comrades. But trouble followed. On our first charge, our Sgt. Bo Bodiford took a hard fall which either broke or sprained his wrist. Myself, Pvt. Nate Green and Pvt. Clint Griffith stayed behind to assist our fallen comrade. With much effort I found a medic who had ice in his wagon but he had to be convinced to take it to Bodiford for fear of the spectators seeing his wagon. I will not include in this report the words I uttered in convincing him to reconsider his position. Within perhaps 10 minutes, Bodiford was in the medic's wagon and the three of us still unharmed ran to the battlefield to join the fight.

Colonel, the battlefield reminded me of the Battle of 1st Manassas. Lines of blue and gray were ferociously involved and covered the field with very little order - so much that we could not find our company. Smoke filled the sky. We saw a company of Confederates advancing to attack the rear of the Federal lines so we picked up two wounded Federals, formed our own line and attacked their left flank. This effort halted their advance as they were forced to refuse their left. The Federal line they were attacking then repositioned themselves and it was there I found our company and Captain Welch. Having disposed of the menacing Confederate line we first encountered, we rejoined Captain Welch and under his command advanced to within 40 yards of the main Confederate earthworks. It was then the cease fire was signaled. Colonel Bowman, we could have taken those earthworks with one more push.

Sir, with much appreciation and respect for your command, this concludes my report. I humbly remain,

Your obedient servant,

Captain Clay Kearney

2nd Florida Volunteer Infantry

Company E, The Hammock Guards

Fifth Company

Florida Battalion, CSA

Resaca Report

From Pvt. Bo Bodiford

To Capt. Clay Kearney

Capt. Kearney,

Please accept this dispatch as a after action report for the Company E. 2nd Florida, during the Resaca campaign May 13th to 16th.

On Thursday the 13 instant we were halted on the north end of Resaca Georgia, we had heard from the other units already there that Gen. Sherman and his Army were coming down from Tennessee and heading for the Atlanta area.

We were camped at a beautiful location, surrounded by trees and near a spring, where we could get plenty of water for nourishment. In typical Georgia fashion the weather was hot and muggy and with rain in the area it was even more humid. We set up camp and by the late afternoon were having a few OBJ's and sitting around the campfire with full bellies from the delicious food that was cooked by the ladies in camp (Kim, and Storm - Thank You from all the soldiers in camp this weekend). We were awaken by the Georgia Fife and Drum Corps on Saturday morning, with a full day ahead we began the morning with colors and from the colors, we marched approximately one mile, to the Confederate Cemetery where we gave a beautiful rifle salute to our fallen brothers in arms. After the morning at the cemetery we again marched back to camp, where we took a break and ate some salt pork and hardtack and hydrated ourselves for the upcoming battle.

As we were beginning to form up we were joined by the 45th Alabama, which swelled our ranks to about 24 muskets, I was placed as 2nd Sgt. and was in charge of the 2nd Platoon. We were positioned near the center of the battlefield, in the breastworks, but the Bluebellies, left their right flank in the air so, I was assuming that we would attack that area but, we were moved over the breastworks and positioned our ranks about 50 yards forward of the works. That was where we stayed for the entire battle. But as the 2nd Florida always has, we did some great damage to the enemy, and finally drove them back over the ditch from where they came.

On Sunday, we were asked to go over to the dark side and portray Federals for the day, as we always do we obliged command and were placed in the ranks with Capt. Jay Welch as commander, we were on the right of the battlefield in the woods where we took refuge. As the battle began, we were moved to a position on our extreme right and moved double quick to get into the fight, at that point I was struck down, and for a brief moment lost consciousness, but was aided by Pvt. Cling Griffith, Pvt. Nate Green, and yourself. I must say thank you for the help of the soldiers who stayed with me while enfilade fire was raining about our heads from the enemy cannons. As I was taken to the Medical Corps, I was unable to continue the fight, but from reports the 33rd New York (which was only about six soldiers) held off the enemy from our right flank until reinforcements were brought in. Sir, I wish to apologize for allowing the enemy to take me down, it will not happen again Sir.

With sorrow in my heart that this is our last battle until the fall, I will say personally that I have enjoyed serving the 2nd Florida in any capacity I could, and Capt., thank you for teaching me to be a good soldier among the ranks of the best soldiers in the Confederacy.

This concludes my report,

Pvt. Bo Bodiford

2nd Florida, Co. E.

Sgt. Klug's Letter Home From Resaca

My Beloved Wife,

It has been quite some time since I last had an opportunity to write to you and I gladly avail myself of the present opportunity. I am not certain when I shall get another chance to write to you again, so I lend myself now to write a few lines.

I am sure the news of the engagement near Resaca, Georgia has reached you back home by now. I wanted to tell you not to worry for I am still among the living. On the 13th of May, we received word that there were Federal troops on a raid into northern Georgia. The march north to the town of Resaca was one of the most enduring marches I have ever participated in; we were in the saddle for more than 24 hours. When we reached the rear of General Johnston's defenses, we were given only enough time for a few hours of sleep and to take in a little food, then we were once again mounted and off patrolling.

We were sent on a scouting mission early Friday morning. After morning formation we performed a small ceremony at a graveyard for our comrades who had fallen during the previous day's skirmish. Some time after noon, the first Federal troops were spotted and skirmishes began between our infantry and theirs. Not too long afterwards their main force came over the ridge and assaulted our defenses but our cavalry responded quickly and suppressed their cavalry's attempt to break our lines. We bloodied their noses something good I'll say. We captured many prisoners and also killed a good many that afternoon. They retreated into the woods and made an attempt to break through our far left flank and with lightning speed, our cavalry troopers dashed across the rolling hills behind our artillery, and with sabers drawn, charged head long into the sea of blue. After a few hours of battle, the firestorm began to die down and we fell back to make camp.

That night both my horse and I slept well. The next morning we found ourselves once again in the saddle at morning roll call. We discovered that we had sustained but a very light loss; we never lost a man out of our company and only one or two out of the regt. The small skirmish we fought on Sunday was small in comparison to the previous days' fight. A Union sniper fired at our corporal and hit his canteen. The both of us took off at a gallop towards his position in the hopes of reaching him before he could reload. I ran up the left side of the hill while the corporal ran up the right side, and with nowhere to run two bullets fired simultaneously felled the sniper; one from my gun, one from the corporal's gun. The remainder of the day was a slow retreat south. That night we were welcomed into the home of a local by the name of Patrick "Pete" Peterson, who opened his home to troopers Jeff Gibson, Chris Rideout, and myself for the night.

I've never wanted to see you half as bad in all my life as I do now. As I sit here on the front porch of this Georgia home, the view is remarkable and the only thing that would make it more enjoyable would be to have you here by my side. It is hard to imagine that we were all in harms way just a few hours ago.

I have no idea when I will have the pleasure of seeing you again for I am certain we will remain in this vicinity. I expect for a while we are awaiting our orders. I must close my letter for now and mail courier is about to leave. I will write every chance I get; do not be uneasy when you do not get letters, for when we are scouting around as we have been, it is impossible to write or to send out letters.

My love and a thousand kisses to you my own sweet darling.......how my heart yearns for thou that are so near and dear to me.

Goodbye my own beloved sweetheart

Your Beloved Husband

Jason

Sgt. 5th Florida

For The Fun Of It

Fort Clinch Guard - May, 1985

Left to right, rear rank:

Cpl. Tim Bennett, 17th CVI - still reenacts and lives in Pennsylvania.

Lt. Jeff Grzelak, 17th CVI - still active in the southeast.

Pvt. Ted Harblin, 17th CVI - has not been seen in years.

Pvt. Roger Brock, 17th CVI has not been seen in years.

Unknown private from the 17th CVI.

Seated/kneeling

Pvt. Clark Williams 47th N.Y. retired four years ago.

Unknown private.

Multiple time periods:

Joe Fuller - 17th CVI - retired eight years ago - still in Florida

Laying down:

Skip (unknown last name) 47th N.Y.

Items For Sale

And Wanted

For Sale. Historic, renovated log cabin and barns on twelve gorgeous acres near Elizabethtown, Kentucky. Perfect hobby farm or getaway. Out in the country but fifteen minutes to all the hardware and grocery stores in Elizabethtown! Visit kentuckyhideaway.wordpress.com for photos and details. $150,000 OBO. Contact owner: linda.paulus@gmail.com

An original Sibley Tent Stove; Invention of a Confederate Veteran

This is an original Civil War "Sibley Tent" Stove originally purchased from an noted CW artifact dealer in VA. Every relic room needs one of these! At 28 inches tall and 18 inches in diameter at the base this item will be the top conversation piece in somebody's relic room. This teepee shaped stove was very efficient for the soldiers in camp.

It was lightweight (just under 15 pounds) and the circular shape would heat cold soldiers in all directions. Smoke would funnel upward out of the way. The soldiers spent more cold nights camping in primitive conditions than fighting. Many of those flat pieces of metal recovered in the field, and tossed by the diggers as junk, are remnants of these stoves. This one is non-dug although has a nice rust patina and the door freely swings open.

This sheet iron stove utilized a four inch stove pipe that served also as the main tent pole for the Sibley and you can add on a modern version four inch AC/Heat duct pipe, as I have in the past, to fire it up and use outdoors.

The Sibley tent looked like an American Indian Teepee style tent. Henry Hopkins Sibley (1816-1886) invented both the tent and the stove. He was born in Natchitoches, Louisiana, graduated West Point - 31 our of 45 in 1838, Lt. with the 2nd Dragoons, Florida War, Mexican War, five years on the Texas Frontier, Kansas Service, Mormon Expedition, New Mexico Service and the Confederate Service in Texas and New Mexico 1861-1863.

A hard to find item these days and has been a great conversation piece, as well as an extremely efficient heater. Especially while doing authentic Civil War "Living History" reenactments over the past several years. Unfortunately I feel the need to part with this item so I can reduce the size of my CW reenactment camp set up and therefore have my reserve listed less than it originally cost me to purchase several years ago. Priced at $350.00. Contact Larry Powell; (561) 795-9494 or email at CSApartisansc@aol.com

For Sale. Cohorn Mortar with box and tools. Contact Al Hartman at 850-875-1615

For Sale. Original Model 1863 Springfield made by Jenks of Bridesburg, PA. in 1862, and bears the Bridesburg name on the lock plate, below the eagle. The year 1862 is also stamped into the lock plate. The entire lock mechanism is sound. The barrel was probably replaced in modern times to be used in skirmishing, but the bore has either never seen firing, or very little. There are no flash marks around the nipple or breach area and the lands of the bore look new and sharp. The barrel is glass bedded, which adds to the strength of the stock. The stock has an area just behind the breach on the right side, where a good repair has been done to the wood. The ram is a repo. Overall, this is a good, solid musket, with lots to offer a reenactor on the field or for living history programs. A reenactor could use this musket for many years and never loose his initial investment when and if he decided to sell, and in fact a resale would likely realize a profit. The musket is in DeLand FL. Reduced price $800. For information, contact Steve at sashe@cfl.rr.com

For Sale. Many different Civil War CDs, tapes, music books and songbooks. Tapes $5, and CDs $10. Contact Brandon for titles and availability at ftbrookeqm@aol.com

For Sale. U.S. grey wool blanket 72" x 90" - $35. Brogans, size 10 wide, heels down to the bone - $25. Mock Brogans, (desert boots, black) for parades, size 9-1/2 - $20. Bayonet - $25. Contact royellou@gmail.com

For Sale. Officers sword belt or best offer. Contact John Martellini at GUMBY1048@aol.com

Wanted. Officer's wall tent. If you would like to sell your wall tent, contact Kelly at savannahlee66@yahoo.com

Wanted. Tent fly. In good condition. Contact Kurt Hilberth at kurt@hilberthlaw.com

For Sale. Cargo trailer suitable to haul an artillery piece (enclosed car carrier). Overall length is 24 ft. inside length is 20 ft. 102 inch wide. Large side door. Empty weight is 3,175 - total tow weight is 7,000 lbs. Double axel. Only has 1,100 miles on it. Completely finished inside with metal non-slip floor. Back gate drops down. Inside fluorescent lights, outside flood lights. Finished upper and lower cabinets with workbench inside. $5,500 firm. Contact Camille Barr at cbis7t@yahoo.com

For Sale. Period Correct Wood Items. Cpl. Hamilton McElroy (25th Ohio Volunteers, Co. E.) has started a small company specializing in wood camp furniture called McElroy's Woodworking. His inventory includes common camp things like chairs, chests, boxes shelves and more including lamps, lavatory, benches and tables. Painting and stains are not included in the prices but you can have him do that to if you like. You can visit Ham's website at http://www.geocities.com:80/irishham97/furniture/ or you can email Hamilton at irishham97@yahoo.com

For Sale. Cavalry horse. Registered Tenn. Walker. 19 years old. Has been a reenacting cavalry horse for about 10 years so he knows how it's done. 15.2 tall. Contact Ralph VanDyke at shellev@msn.com

For Sale. Confederate POW MIA flag. The flag is a 3'X5' polyester D100 with brass grommets. A portion of the proceeds go to support SCV camp 2086 the Dixie Defenders in Cross City, FL. For more information and to order a flag, go to their website at www.confederatepowflag.com or www.rebelflag.com

For Sale. Window stickers, signs, vehicle lettering, graphics, magnetic signs, banners of all sizes and more. Will ship anywhere. Contact Robyn Banks (artillery) at southerncanoneer@aol.com

For Sale. Ladies dresses (size 5 - 7). Camp dresses with apron-mourning top, shirt, veil, hat and other nice dresses (size 12 - 14). Ladies cloak with hood (lined) navy blue with gold trim. Great coat (large) excellent condition. Miscellaneous boots and shoes. Four red shirts, four pants, one vest, two shell jackets, one sac coat, two haver sacs, two kepis, gunners pouch, two western style hats, other miscellaneous hats. Lots of other mixed items. $700 takes it all. Contact Denny Rosenow at DebbieRosenow@cambridgemsi.com

Recruiting

Recruiting Artillerist In Florida........Florida Light Artillery at www.alexandersbattalion.com is looking for some help on their cannon. For more information, contact Cpl. Wayne Prenter (Company Recording Secretary) at steven_dispatch@yahoo.com or Quartermaster Sgt. Ken Kelly at patchboom@aol.com

From Captain Cody A. Gray...........

Greetings to all! Are you interested in Civil War History? Does Civil War reenacting sound appealing to you? Then let me encourage you to get involved in the Civil War reenacting Community. I am Captain Cody A. Gray of the 1st FL. Co. C. We belong to the 2nd Battalion in Hardy's Brigade. We are a young Civil War reenacting infantry unit. Our youngest member is 14 and the oldest is 20. We are a band of young soldiers that strive to raise the bar in Civil War reenacting. We have currently been on the field for almost two years and have loved every moment of it. We also have a civilian part of our company which consists of some wonderful young ladies and our company Chaplain. We would like to invite any young Civil War re-enactors out there to get involved and to stop by and see us. We are always looking for good well trained men for our company. We attend most of the events in Florida and are looking to expand. We are based out of Lake City, Florida, and we drill and train soldiers on a regular basis, even in the off season. If you are interested, please contact me at my email address, tbrdred@aol.com or if I can help you find an Infantry company that better fits your needs, please also feel free to contact me. We have a MySpace page for our company located at www.myspace.com/toprailgraybacks

Kockritz Rifles.........

The Kockritz Rifles, 7th FL. Co. B., Florida Battalion, Department of the Gulf, "Straw Hats" alter ego is the Pawnee Marine Detachment. They are currently getting ready for a big event in Columbus, Georgia, on April 16, 17, 18, 2010. The event takes place at the National Civil War Naval Museum and is called River Blast. Naval and Marine Reenactors will converge on the museum which includes a full scale mock-up of the CSS Water Witch, which will be commissioned during the weekend. The Pawnee Marines are looking for some new recruits to join, especially before the big event. You don't have to be a former or current Marine to join, but expect to step it up a notch to portray one. One of the highlights of the event will be training on the 7" Brooke Rifled Gun, which takes a 15 man crew to fire! There will also be an amphibious landing from rowed launches, cutlass drill and possibly a skirmish against Confederate Cavalry. Authentic camping is available on site. For more information, contact Ron Boyce at rrrrx4@embarqmail.com

Upcoming Events

For a complete listing of all Civil War reenactments, living history events, and monthly meetings in Florida, please see the 2009-2010 Event Schedule at http://www.floridareenactorsonline.com/EventRoster.htm or go to this magazine's home page and click on the Event Schedule button.

Your Obedient Servant,
Lieutenant Colonel Robert A. Niepert
Hardy's Brigade 3rd Battalion Commander
Brigade Cavalry Commander
5th Florida Company G Cavalry
mayorbob@embarqmail.com

(407) 448-4871

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